Physics

Universities
90
Programs
177
Major category
Natural Sciences

Specialization introduction

Major introduction

Explore the fundamental laws of the universe, cultivate scientific thinking and experimental skills, and prepare talents for cutting-edge fields of science and technology.

Program overview

Physics is the fundamental discipline that studies the basic laws of matter, energy, space, and time. Simply put, it's about understanding "why the world is the way it is." In your undergraduate studies, you'll learn classical topics like mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, optics, and atomic physics, then advance to the "Big Four" of theoretical physics: quantum mechanics, statistical physics, electrodynamics, and theoretical mechanics. There are also many lab courses, from basic measurements to modern physics experiments, where you'll operate instruments and analyze data—great for hands-on skills. Chinese universities have strong research teams in condensed matter physics, quantum information, optical engineering, etc. For example, the physics departments at University of Science and Technology of China, Peking University, and Tsinghua University are internationally renowned. If you're curious about natural phenomena, enjoy mathematical derivations and hands-on experiments, and aren't afraid of abstract concepts, this major is a great fit.

Major prospects

物理学毕业生的发展方向其实比很多人想象的宽。基础研究方面,可以继续读研读博,进入高校或中科院等研究所做科研。应用层面,半导体、新能源、量子计算、光学器件这些热门行业都大量需要物理背景的人才。比如中国正在大力发展芯片产业,半导体物理知识非常吃香;光伏、锂电池等新能源领域也需要固体物理和材料物理的功底。另外,金融行业也喜欢招物理学生做量化分析,因为物理训练出的建模和数据分析能力很强。国际学生如果关注中国在这些领域的投入,比如量子通信、超导研究,会有很多机会参与前沿项目。

Career prospects

物理学本科毕业后直接工作的话,常见去向包括:半导体公司(如中芯国际、华为海思)做工艺工程师或器件工程师;光电企业(如大疆、舜宇光学)做光学设计或测试;教育机构当中学物理老师;或者进入IT公司做数据分析、算法岗。硕士博士毕业生的选择更广:高校或研究所的科研岗位(年薪约15-30万人民币,视城市和单位而定),企业研发部门(如华为、比亚迪、宁德时代,起薪20-40万),以及金融量化交易(年薪可达30万以上)。国际学生需要注意,部分科研岗位可能对语言和签证有要求,但企业研发岗对国际人才比较开放,尤其是有实验技能和编程能力的学生。

Subordinate programs